Always a maximum of 1% fee!
1 Percent Pool is well known for high performance and great rewards.
We’re active Mithril signers and will run Midnight validators for all pools!
Our Tickers: 1PCT and 1PCT[0-9]
(v1, v2 and v3 in description)
Read our FAQ for a lot more info about staking and 1 Percent Pool.
Ok, How do I stake with you?
In order to stake your ADA, you first need a wallet. The official wallets are Daedalus and Yoroi.
Daedalus is the most secure of the two, and it’s a full node wallet. This means that it downloads the whole chain, and validates every block.
Yoroi is available as a browser plugin, and as a mobile app. It’s a light wallet, which means it relies on a third-party to validate the chain.
We currently recommend using the Daedalus wallet. It’s available here: https://daedaluswallet.io
Once you have Daedalus or Yoroi installed, you need to create your wallet. You will be guided through this inside the program. Remember to write down your 24 recovery words and keep them safe! If you’re using Daedalus, it will now download and verify the blockchain.
You should now send all your ADA to your wallet. You should look for the receiving addresses associated with your wallet, and simply select one of them. When your ADA is transferred, you click the following symbol to go to the Delegation Center (Daedalus).
You then need to click on the Stake Pools tab, and write “1 Percent Pool” in the search field.
All 1PCT pools will now be shown. Simply click on the one with the lowest saturation (least filled bar) and then click “Delegate to this pool”.
Quick facts about staking in 1 Percent Pool
1. Your ADA is never locked. You can always send it somewhere else.
2. Your ADA stays in your wallet, fully under your own control.
3. You do not risk your ADA by staking it.
4. The protocol charges a 2 ADA stake key deposit the first time you delegate your ADA. This is the same for all pools.
5. It takes 3-4 epochs for your first rewards to show up. That is 15-20 days. This is the same for all pools.
6. After the initial 3-4 epochs, you will receive your rewards every epoch (5 days).
7. You can freely change your delegation to another 1PCT pool. You will still get rewards every epoch if you change the pool.
8. Your rewards are automatically staked as well. There is no need to withdraw rewards every epoch.
9. You can simply add more ada to your wallet, and it will automatically be staked as well.
10. Rewards amount will naturally fluctuate from epoch to epoch. It’s part of how the protocol is built, and it’s the same for all pools.
Our pools
Scroll down to see Pool Parameters and a Reward Example.
Pools staked with up to 64M ADA are good, but going above will slightly decrease your rewards. All our pools have identical fees and performance.
Yoroi id: 87021d7881cff6817040033a3c6b0246d11421c198e69195e60a7000
Daedalus id: pool1supp67ypelmgzuzqqvarc6czgmg3ggwpnrnfr90xpfcqqf8h05t
Yoroi id: 03646a1b39e69473a57bbeda37e35be8adcefb6ff608dd8fc726d371
Daedalus id: pool1qdjx5xeeu6288ftmhmdr0c6mazkua7m07cydmr78ymfhz7jj7g4
Yoroi id: 463e481957f266d93e4decbfb73003380ab17223e0e569f71c7a525a
Daedalus id: pool1gclysx2h7fndj0jdajlmwvqr8q9tzu3rurjknacu0ff954fsg9a
Yoroi id: 41c8a40ab0b78d727655d165f946722728dfb01df2fcc2e148b3c98d
Daedalus id: pool1g8y2gz4sk7xhyaj469jlj3njyu5dlvqa7t7v9c2gk0yc69879z8
Yoroi id: 844540411ea37a35689620b02570eec2a0e403c1207c92c1b7a4dfa0
Daedalus id: pool1s3z5qsg75dar26ykyzcz2u8wc2swgq7pyp7f9sdh5n06qh3jhq2
Yoroi id: e0bfd78fd14b0336186ff6ca79a45f3619102b5bb484f7e0124dfdc0
Daedalus id: pool1uzla0r73fvpnvxr07m98nfzlxcv3q26mkjz00cqjfh7uqsyjkju
Yoroi id: 17a6a1f2fb36d9ef275805db17409af7ab753b9d27bdd41b89510bb9
Daedalus id: pool1z7n2ruhmxmv77f6cqhd3wsy6774h2wuay77agxuf2y9mj8q55vw
Yoroi id: 757bbac0aeaa2cb38deaad2dbd298b9cd85bdc1a968f930aea093a63
Daedalus id: pool1w4am4s9w4gkt8r0245km62vtnnv9hhq6j68exzh2pyaxxfaq0gc
Yoroi id: 56f78c5478524496790461eefd4d9380f71dfb231358736902648dfe
Daedalus id: pool12mmcc4rc2fzfv7gyv8h06nvnsrm3m7erzdv8x6gzvjxlu2lf09n
Yoroi id: 43e608ee299b1aaad2d54f5986717379598cbc90ba291a27476a8dda
Daedalus id: pool1g0nq3m3fnvd245k4favcvutn09vce0yshg535f68d2xa54vy0cc
Yoroi id: 64e09628015d1065e4a11f032c90f677ba1f2f583ff0f55a158450b0
Daedalus id: pool1vnsfv2qpt5gxte9prupjey8kw7ap7t6c8lc02ks4s3gtqplhgd3
Yoroi id: f018942907ac50ed7f831f14755ad93698188492d09d229655e6ade1
Daedalus id: pool17qvfg2g843gw6lurru282kkex6vp3pyj6zwj99j4u6k7zvmva5a
Yoroi id: 1d8988c2057d6efd6a094e468840a51942ab03b5b69b07a2bca71b53
Daedalus id: pool1rkyc3ss904h066sffergss99r9p2kqa4k6ds0g4u5ud4x7yaajd
Yoroi id: e9132dcc6ca311a5a5bcc30909c74f1e7404bb8c50ef8a86fa95a311
Daedalus id: pool1ayfjmnrv5vg6tfducvysn360re6qfwuv2rhc4ph6jk33ztuxlhq
Yoroi id: e75ff353a1a2e454d3fe59249f87dad63b4270b16caf4b819bae5f69
Daedalus id: pool1ua0lx5ap5tj9f5l7tyjflp766ca5yu93djh5hqvm4e0kjgw5k7v
Yoroi id: 3ef28c9dcc109acb9f0636a789808cee3f5f9b96754b4c1fc6d88e0c
Daedalus id: pool18mege8wvzzdvh8cxx6ncnqyvacl4lxukw495c87xmz8qcdl6lj8
Yoroi id: 71efddeabf5dd8211853a5ed30548391ccb54fa3b55e5828db9afee6
Daedalus id: pool1w8ham64lthvzzxzn5hknq4yrj8xt2nark409s2xmntlwvt4ag3r
Yoroi id: 38a7e77635a708b921b02dc819c65c44c405a775c4c9eece16b63687
Daedalus id: pool18zn7wa345uytjgds9hypn3jugnzqtfm4cny7anskkcmgwwxtwca
Yoroi id: 6b5180a258275c671690c94c704f074190e90ea900ed565b4c29abe8
Daedalus id: pool1ddgcpgjcyawxw95se9x8qnc8gxgwjr4fqrk4vk6v9x47s0ggpjp
Yoroi id: cd5721fe2ccf9b803bbe787266c3493fff67acc67951b88ebbaf9599
Daedalus id: pool1e4tjrl3ve7dcqwa70pexds6f8llk0txx09gm3r4m472ej4p6473
Yoroi id: b59366e330a6db8260ad9aae8446ba8c908931d1b9cb3cca5d1d84aa
Daedalus id: pool1kkfkdces5mdcyc9dn2hgg3463jggjvw3h89nejjarkz25uavaqu
Yoroi id: 27fdacbd3703ed8491520415b5eaff29b241cf30cdc01786b03975f7
Daedalus id: pool1yl76e0fhq0kcfy2jqs2mt6hl9xeyrnesehqp0p4s896lwv7hrta
Yoroi id: 16d7b39329f79540967e35631dd1f6630a608a5c94e642ee8b2e9e8a
Daedalus id: pool1zmtm8yef7725p9n7x433m50kvv9xpzjujnny9m5t960g5qm30ua
Yoroi id: 550e404e1946236f0fa0c36c6e54e58f41931bf24ff682a0ba226fd5<
Daedalus id: pool1258yqnsegc3k7raqcdkxu4893aqexxljflmg9g96yfha2qytayv
Yoroi id: 6b9da81e0b66fcdfaa67f55f08b28399b70e031f3cb13e6aa8f61b0a
Daedalus id: pool1dww6s8stvm7dl2n8740s3v5rnxmsuqcl8jcnu64g7cds5w29pft
Yoroi id: a75f5263ca05569b3baecf0fafbfdaaf07076727c44460e4641b415b
Daedalus id: pool15a04yc72q4tfkwaweu86l0764urswee8c3zxperyrdq4kx8nvua
Yoroi id: a19199571e9c14f2502bf37146034491fd08521f5253cc6ef497b5a9
Daedalus id: pool15xgej4c7ns20y5pt7dc5vq6yj87ss5sl2ffucmh5j766j90ppur
Yoroi id: 99127328c3fed20710b0b807f32b10ccd731125b30de38b9ff973a01
Daedalus id: pool1nyf8x2xrlmfqwy9shqrlx2csentnzyjmxr0r3w0ljuaqz5ek7qz
Where are my rewards?
The way the Cardano protocol works, is by taking a snapshot of the delegation status for all wallets between each epoch. The delegation choice will then become active 2 epochs later, and the rewards will the be paid out after 1 additional epoch.
As an example, the cycle is as follows:
Epoch 260: Stake is delegated
Epoch 261: Snapshot is taken
Epoch 262: Delegation is active
Epoch 263: Rewards are calculated
Epoch 264: Rewards are paid
In this example, you should see the first rewards in the beginning of Epoch 264. The payment schedule is the same for all pools on Cardano, as the payment of rewards is handled 100% by the protocol itself. Pool operators have zero influence on the payments – we simply make the blocks, and the protocol does the rest.
Pool parameters
All pools have a maximum of 1% fee – as they ALWAYS will!
All the 1PCT pools have 50.000 ADA pledged to them.
Rewards Example
If the total pool rewards for an epoch is 50.000 ADA, we first subtract 340 ADA as the pool cost. That leaves 49.660 ADA as rewards.
Based on these 49.660 ADA, the pool takes 1% (496,6 ADA) and the rest of the rewards (49.163,4 ADA) are then distributed to the delegators.
The total pool rewards for an epoch depends on the saturation level of the pool.
What is saturation?
Once a pool is fully saturated, you can still delegate to it, but it will not earn more rewards for it. The rewards will simply be shared between more delegators, hence giving you less rewards. Always delegate to the 1PCT pool with the lowest saturation.
More than 100,000
Blocks Made
28
1PCT pools running
100,0%
Uptime of pools so far
Most Rewards
Visit PoolTool.io Rewards Data
Why Select Us?
Rewards
We strive to pay out the highest amount of rewards every epoch, which is why our fee is just 1%.
Control
The stake pool cluster is securely setup, is fully automated and monitored 24/7.
Scaling
Whenever the needs of running the Cardano stake pools changes, our setup will scale with the requirements.
Market
1 Percent Pool will always adjust the fee to stay competitive the market, and will go below 1% when needed. But always max 1%!
Online
There are backup servers always standing by and ready to automatically take over, in case anything happens to the primary.
Our team has a top grade security setup in place, and all keys are stored in a secure facility, where no single person has all the required keys to enter.
1 Percent Pool was started in the beginning of the ITN, and has always been a top performing pool. We have over 18 months of proven reliability, and our team is located on 3 continents in order to provide max performance.
The concept is very simple: We provide best-in-class stake pool performance at a very good price point, and with high security operations.
Alternatively, if you choose a bad pool, many things can go wrong. The pool could fail, blocks be missed or it could completely go out of business. This means missing out on your staking rewards. The operator could increase the fees without you noticing, which means less rewards for you.
With 1 Percent Pool you can just set-it-and-forget-it. When you come back 12 months from now, all your rewards will be there waiting for you
Part of the security setup of 1 Percent Pool is staying anonymous. It’s much harder to attack someone, when you don’t know who they are.
We believe in free markets, decentralization and meritocracy. Ie: trusting the code — and not our identities.
Moreover, with a global team distributed on 3 continents, our ability to ensure uptime 24/7 sets us apart from smaller pools.
Ever since 2017, we’ve had an immense love for Cardano. What the project is achieving is very inspiring and worth building for.
Consequently, after working with advisors, we realized that helping the community can be achieved – while still keeping our operational security in place.
ITN stands for Incenticized Test Net. It was 6 months of test net for Shelley, that was designed to test the game theory and incentive scheme. It started in December 2019. Many pools operators gained valuable experience in running a pool there, and established a reputation. The rewards from the test net were transferred to the main net, which made the test net incentivized – you earned real money from staking on the test net.
It sounds tempting to go for the lowest possible fee, but just like very cheap items on eBay, it’s rarely worth it.
In order for a stake pool to generate the maximum rewards over time, you need a professional and sophisticated setup. You need to make sure that the pools are highly connected to the network, that the hardware is adequate, that the internet connection is optimal, that the software is configured correctly and that the pool software is updated frequently. You need to build redundancy and automation, to have multiple internet connections, to have UPS backup power for the hardware and protect against attacks. You need a high level of automation and monitoring, to always keep the pools running perfectly, and in case of any breakdown, have a backup server standing by, that will automatically take over.
The income from a 0% pool is simply not enough to cover the expense of the above mentioned setup. For this reason, the 0% pools do not have this kind of setup, but instead run a much simpler operation. This means that they will perform worse over time, and hence pay less rewards. If you do the math, a 0% pool will give you worse rewards, even though it looks better on paper.
You risk having the pool operator raise the fees after they’ve attracted enough stake, or having the pool simply shut down because it’s not profitable. You don’t want to constantly have to check if the pool is still at 0% fee and still running, and risk staking to a dead pool or suddenly paying a much higher fee.
Pools with 0% fee are furthermore not incentivised to perform their best. The operator only makes money from the first block each epoch, and he then has no incentive to keep the pools performing well. There is no reason for him to make sure the rewards are at the absolute max, since it means extra costs for him, but no extra income. A pool with 1% fee has a great incentive to make sure the pools are always at their very max performance, and is willing to invest in it.
1 Percent Pool is operating 28 pools in total. The tickers are 1PCT, 1PCT0, 1PCT1, 1PCT2, 1PCT3, 1PCT4, 1PCT5, 1PCT6, 1PCT7, 1PCT8 and 1PCT9.
There are a v1, v2 and v3 of each of these tickers.
Since you cannot own a ticker in a decentralised network, it’s possible for anyone to try and imitate the 1PCT brand. These attempts are usually quickly filtered in the metadata services. You can verify that the pools are authentic 1 Percent Pools by comparing the pool id from our pool list with the pool id inside Daedalus / Yoroi / AdaLite.
Cardano does so many things right, and is built on a solid foundation of research and scientific rigor. It’s fantastic when it comes to hard science, but it’s different when it comes to soft science. You can not create a mathematical proof when it comes to the game theory that shapes the human incentives for actions. Since Cardano is highly dependent on delegators acting rationally, this becomes one of the key risk areas for the survival of Cardano.
For Cardano to stay secure, we need:
– Informed delegators who knows about the concepts of fee, saturation, rewards, pledge and so forth.
– Rational delegators whose actions you can mostly predict, based on human nature. You can only have this, if they are informed.
– Protocol parameters that favour true decentralisation, and helps protect against Sybil attacks.
Since 2017, I have personally been most worried about the game theory around the decentralisation of the protocol. What would stop an entity from creating 1000 pools, get a majority of the stake by having no fees at all, and then start censoring the network? Since this, in my eyes, was the greatest threat to the project, it had to be given more focus.
When the ITN launched, I set out to test how delegators would react to an entity that openly created a large number of pools with very low fees. Since it was a test net, there would be no major harm to the network, but there would be immense learnings and opportunities to adjust the game theory model to secure the network properly. In the beginning, I simply acted like any smart Sybil attacker would do, if they tried to gain a majority of the stake. The first 11 pools were filled within weeks.
At the time, the Cardano Foundation was the gate keepers of the tickers, and had to approve a ticker in order for it to show up in Daedalus. When I tried to further test the vulnerability of the network, I was made aware of that the ITN was not tuned for Sybil attack resistance at all, which defeated the whole purpose of trying. I couldn’t perform an accurate test, because none of it was implemented. Hence I dropped the idea of trying to accumulate more stake, and focused on the performance of the pools instead.
The experiment did show how delegators could easily be attracted by low fees, but there is another major factor to look at, before judging the experiment. At the beginning of the ITN, the software was very shaky, and often failed. It was being built as a whole separate codebase, that allowed for quick iterations and development, so we could test the incentive schemes before main net. This meant that it was far from a level playing field for the operators. The first weeks and months were all about writing smart scripts to restart the software at the right times, to make sure it could actually make a block once it was time. 1 Percent Pool had a huge edge here, as I had figured out a number of rules that would make it perform very well, despite all the bugs. It involved a lot of monitoring, restarting each node 15 minutes before a block, a “private” bootstrap cluster to make the software start quickly and much, much more.
Since 1 Percent Pool was one of the very few great performing pools in the beginning, it was very natural that delegators rushed into the pools. The same would have happened if the fees were at 5%. For this reason, the test was not really accurate at all. Thankfully, the software we have on main net now is very stable and it’s (almost) a completely level playing field. It didn’t make sense to share the restart scripts with the community at the time, since it would work against the Sybil experiment, and once the experiment was dropped, many of the bugs had been ironed out. I did however share an article about how to improve the bootstrap time for the nodes and optimise the performance, which can be found here.
1 Percent Pool is now no longer an experiment, but an active protector of the protocol. It makes it much harder for a bad actor to try and perform a Sybil attack, and in these early days, we make sure that a lot of the stake is secure with a good actor. Once we see a higher number of reputable pools in the months and years to come, the network will be less at risk.
The focus of the pool, apart from best-in-class performance and low fees, is to study and prevent the possibility of Sybil attacks. We’re working with IOG/IOHK on this issue and sharing ideas, in order to further harden the resistance of such attacks. This is our way of contributing to the community and protocol.
Yes! We are fortunate to have the largest public stake delegated to us and respond by having an enterprise-grade solution located in 3 countries.
These servers are the fastest on the market. Unfortunately, the economics of a small stake pool, do not allow for this infrastructure expense.
Lastly, we also run secondary and tertiary systems in different continents to serve as backup, in case of a primary data center failure. .
We prefer to obsess over the uptime and performance of the pool vs having Twitter. — We’re crazy about our pools 🙂
Some pools do post useful articles on Twitter though (fx. Cardanians). 1 Percent Pool is however not about articles, but about maximising the rewards of the delegators, providing peace of mind and securing the Cardano network.
If you need any support, you can always use the email form below.
Yes! There are many good actors in the space, with different models and participation efforts. If you are not into the 1 Percent Pool concept, you should take a look at WEQNT, FROG, ATADA, LOVE, ANP, CRDNS, DIGI, SCAR, BCSH and PEGA (just to name a few). There are many other great operators out there.
There are many factors you should look out for, that indicates that a pool isn’t the best choice. Among these are:
-Pools with 0% fee (discussed in “Why should I not select a 0% pool” above)
-Pools with pledge below 10k ADA (Signals that without real-capital-at-stake, they might not be serious about their operation, or have confidence in themselves.).
-Pools that haven’t produced blocks yet (They might simply be new, but this can be a sign of poor performance).
-Pools without a website or option to contact them (Signals they might not run a serious operation)
Use the email form below. Feel free to ask for support, ask critical questions, request more information or send a nice greeting.